美国海关法中的进口报关流程详解
<div><article><div style="white-space-collapse: preserve; line-height: 1.75;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="#000000" size="5">美国海关法中的进口报关流程详解</font></span></div><div style="white-space-collapse: preserve; line-height: 1.75;"><font color="#000000" size="5"><b>
</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">在全球贸易日益频繁的今天,了解各国的海关法规对于外贸从业者来说至关重要。特别是美国,作为全球最大的进口国之一,其海关法规和报关流程复杂且严格。本文将通过详细解析美国海关法中的进口报关流程,帮助外贸从业者更好地理解和应对美国市场的需求。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>一、美国海关法中的“进口”定义</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">根据美国海关法,“进口”是指装载进口货物的船只到达美国进口口岸后,将该货物卸下船。报关单证通常由货物放行地海关归档。为了办理正式报关手续,进口商必须取得一个进口商身份证明号码,并将其标在有关进口报关单证上。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>二、进口商身份证明号码的申请</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">根据美国海关条例,进口商在其第一次正式办理进口申报手续时,需申请填写在海关表格5106上的一个进口商身份证明号码。在要求进口商提交即时放行进口申报单以代替进口申报证和即时放行进口申报的情况下,进口商应在货物运达之前向海关提交这些单证以备其进行初步审查。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>三、进口报关所需单证及要求</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">进口报关所需的单证包括:</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">1、海关表格3461<span style="font-family: Arial;">(立即交货的申请与特准)</span></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">2、商业发票</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">3、包装清单<span style="font-family: Arial;">(装箱单)</span></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">4、其他单证</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">5、办理报关手续授权证明</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>四、商业发票及特殊海关发票</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">1. 商业发票</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">根据有关规定,出具的商业发票必须符合美国相同商品商业性交易的惯例,必须包括以下内容:</font><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">售货人的姓名和地址</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物启运地、收货人和发货人</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">进口货物在美国的进口目的港或机场</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">进口订货的时间和地点,货物的购买人或同意购买人的姓名和地址</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物的唛头、号码、数量和种类</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">详细的品名、质量等级、大小和规格以及商标等</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物按其启运地或启运国的度量衡的数量,或按美国度量衡的数量</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">用销售货币列出单位售价和货物数量的总价,总的发票价</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物承担的所有费用,各种 FOB 费用如已包括在发票价格里,无需逐一列出相应的金额</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">商品出口时出口国的回扣、退税或其他优惠必须分别列上</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">不包括在发票价格中但参加了生产过程的项目成本,如染料、模具、模型、工程机件及经济援助等</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">海关条例中可能要求适当地对货物进行估价,查验各归类所需要的任何其他事实</font></li></ul><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">商业发票均需英文发票(4份)。每张发票包括由一个发货人在同一条船或别的交通工具上发给一个收货人的一批货物。说明尽可能详细。出具发票时应采用打字机字体。为使货物在美国顺利通关,应将发票附在运货发货单据或在商品装运时发给美国收货人。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">2. 特殊海关发票</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">下列商品需采用英文填写的特殊海关发票:</font><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">鞋类要求“国际鞋业联合会”制作的“临时性鞋业发票”</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">钢制品报关表格5520“专用钢铁发票”</font></li></ul><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>结论</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">了解和掌握美国海关法中的进口报关流程,对于外贸从业者来说至关重要。通过本文的详细解析,希望能够帮助外贸从业者更好地理解和应对美国市场的需求,确保货物顺利通关,减少不必要的麻烦和损失。</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><img src="https://cowork-storage.nos-jd.163yun.com/snapshot%2F2024%2F08%2F09%2Fedcb222cc91e46a089997966a5cd4d83.jpeg?Signature=SFCmBcwb%2BIKmE0FsHUVyyAJAB9ozP%2BdQO059ZNhjPJE%3D&Expires=3870680412&NOSAccessKeyId=0cd796d04a3a45dba2ef94a2f2a0c218&download=temp.jpeg" alt="网易外贸通" style="max-width:100%;" contenteditable="false"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div>
</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">在全球贸易日益频繁的今天,了解各国的海关法规对于外贸从业者来说至关重要。特别是美国,作为全球最大的进口国之一,其海关法规和报关流程复杂且严格。本文将通过详细解析美国海关法中的进口报关流程,帮助外贸从业者更好地理解和应对美国市场的需求。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>一、美国海关法中的“进口”定义</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">根据美国海关法,“进口”是指装载进口货物的船只到达美国进口口岸后,将该货物卸下船。报关单证通常由货物放行地海关归档。为了办理正式报关手续,进口商必须取得一个进口商身份证明号码,并将其标在有关进口报关单证上。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>二、进口商身份证明号码的申请</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">根据美国海关条例,进口商在其第一次正式办理进口申报手续时,需申请填写在海关表格5106上的一个进口商身份证明号码。在要求进口商提交即时放行进口申报单以代替进口申报证和即时放行进口申报的情况下,进口商应在货物运达之前向海关提交这些单证以备其进行初步审查。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>三、进口报关所需单证及要求</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">进口报关所需的单证包括:</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">1、海关表格3461<span style="font-family: Arial;">(立即交货的申请与特准)</span></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">2、商业发票</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">3、包装清单<span style="font-family: Arial;">(装箱单)</span></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">4、其他单证</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">5、办理报关手续授权证明</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>四、商业发票及特殊海关发票</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">1. 商业发票</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">根据有关规定,出具的商业发票必须符合美国相同商品商业性交易的惯例,必须包括以下内容:</font><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">售货人的姓名和地址</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物启运地、收货人和发货人</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">进口货物在美国的进口目的港或机场</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">进口订货的时间和地点,货物的购买人或同意购买人的姓名和地址</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物的唛头、号码、数量和种类</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">详细的品名、质量等级、大小和规格以及商标等</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物按其启运地或启运国的度量衡的数量,或按美国度量衡的数量</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">用销售货币列出单位售价和货物数量的总价,总的发票价</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">货物承担的所有费用,各种 FOB 费用如已包括在发票价格里,无需逐一列出相应的金额</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">商品出口时出口国的回扣、退税或其他优惠必须分别列上</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">不包括在发票价格中但参加了生产过程的项目成本,如染料、模具、模型、工程机件及经济援助等</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">海关条例中可能要求适当地对货物进行估价,查验各归类所需要的任何其他事实</font></li></ul><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">商业发票均需英文发票(4份)。每张发票包括由一个发货人在同一条船或别的交通工具上发给一个收货人的一批货物。说明尽可能详细。出具发票时应采用打字机字体。为使货物在美国顺利通关,应将发票附在运货发货单据或在商品装运时发给美国收货人。</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">2. 特殊海关发票</font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">下列商品需采用英文填写的特殊海关发票:</font><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">鞋类要求“国际鞋业联合会”制作的“临时性鞋业发票”</font></li><li style="line-height: 1.75; text-align: left; list-style-position: inside; word-break: break-word; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", STXihei; list-style-type: disc;"><font size="3" color="#000000">钢制品报关表格5520“专用钢铁发票”</font></li></ul><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">
</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000"><b>结论</b></font><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><font size="3" color="#000000">了解和掌握美国海关法中的进口报关流程,对于外贸从业者来说至关重要。通过本文的详细解析,希望能够帮助外贸从业者更好地理解和应对美国市场的需求,确保货物顺利通关,减少不必要的麻烦和损失。</font></div><div style="line-height: 1.75;"><img src="https://cowork-storage.nos-jd.163yun.com/snapshot%2F2024%2F08%2F09%2Fedcb222cc91e46a089997966a5cd4d83.jpeg?Signature=SFCmBcwb%2BIKmE0FsHUVyyAJAB9ozP%2BdQO059ZNhjPJE%3D&Expires=3870680412&NOSAccessKeyId=0cd796d04a3a45dba2ef94a2f2a0c218&download=temp.jpeg" alt="网易外贸通" style="max-width:100%;" contenteditable="false"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article></div>